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原文獻(xiàn)：Ali, Z., Vildevall, M., Rodriguez, G.V. et al. Zebrafish patient-derived xenograft models predict lymph node involvement and treatment outcome in non-small cell lung cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 41, 58 (2022).

原文鏈接：https://doi.org/10.1186/s13046-022-02280-x

癌癥患者在治療效果和腫瘤侵襲性方面表現(xiàn)出高度的個(gè)體差異，而這兩方面恰恰是影響腫瘤患者生存的關(guān)鍵所在，因此，準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和治療結(jié)果對個(gè)體化治療至關(guān)重要[1]。小鼠患者源性異種移植(PDX)模型在預(yù)測治療結(jié)果方面表現(xiàn)出很高的準(zhǔn)確性，但預(yù)測腫瘤侵襲性的方法仍然缺乏。另外，小鼠PDX實(shí)驗(yàn)周期較長，難以滿足臨床個(gè)體化治療的需求[2-4]。

近年來，斑馬魚腫瘤異種移植(zPDX)系統(tǒng)已成為腫瘤學(xué)和腫瘤生物學(xué)研究中一種強(qiáng)有力的體內(nèi)補(bǔ)充系統(tǒng)[5,6]。通過移植腫瘤細(xì)胞系來生成zCDX模型，已經(jīng)使我們對驅(qū)動早期腫瘤擴(kuò)散的分子和病理生理事件[7,8]、腫瘤微環(huán)境內(nèi)的相互作用[9,10]以及對藥物或治療的反應(yīng)[11-13]有了更深入的理解。由于已建立的細(xì)胞系可能隨著時(shí)間的推移而發(fā)生表型變化，這些模型主要用于基礎(chǔ)研究或早期臨床前藥物開發(fā)。為了更好地保持患者腫瘤的特征，研究者成功構(gòu)建了直接移植患者來源的腫瘤樣本的zPDX模型，并證明該模型能夠準(zhǔn)確地反應(yīng)相應(yīng)患者的腫瘤特性[14-19]。

本研究開發(fā)了一種新的、可靠的方法，成功將非小細(xì)胞肺癌（NSCLC）組織植入到斑馬魚幼魚中建立zPDX模型。該zPDX模型準(zhǔn)確地再現(xiàn)了相應(yīng)小鼠PDX模型和患者自身對紫杉醇和厄洛替尼的反應(yīng)。重要的是，該zPDX平臺預(yù)測腫瘤向患者淋巴結(jié)擴(kuò)散的敏感性為91%，而預(yù)測淋巴結(jié)無侵犯的特異性為62%。

● 主要研究結(jié)果 

 1. 對比凍存的組織與單細(xì)胞懸液，研究結(jié)果顯示凍存的患者組織移植成功率優(yōu)于凍存的患者單細(xì)胞懸液，組織移植成功率高于80%（圖1）。

圖1

2、用25例zPDX模型評價(jià)厄洛替尼和紫杉醇的腫瘤治療效果，結(jié)果顯示厄洛替尼和紫杉醇在zPDX上對NSCLC腫瘤的治療有效率與真實(shí)世界中患者的治療有效率相似（圖2D、E）。與藥物評價(jià)的金標(biāo)準(zhǔn)小鼠PDX模型對比，zPDX對厄洛替尼和紫杉醇的應(yīng)答與小鼠PDX高度一致（圖2F、G）。

圖2

3. 將腫瘤組織進(jìn)行測序分析，對比與藥物治療相關(guān)的靶點(diǎn)后發(fā)現(xiàn)，厄洛替尼和紫杉醇在zPDX上的治療效果與基因檢測結(jié)果相似（圖3）。

圖3

4、將發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)移和未發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)移患者的腫瘤組織移植至斑馬魚，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示zPDX模型預(yù)測腫瘤向患者淋巴結(jié)擴(kuò)散的敏感性為91%，而預(yù)測淋巴結(jié)無侵犯的特異性為62%（圖4），提示zPDX模型可準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測患者體內(nèi)腫瘤轉(zhuǎn)移的發(fā)生。

圖4

環(huán)特生物作為斑馬魚技術(shù)應(yīng)用領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，深度挖掘、創(chuàng)新斑馬魚技術(shù)的應(yīng)用場景，在原有斑馬魚CDX模型用于抗腫瘤藥物藥效評價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)上，成功建立多種實(shí)體瘤斑馬魚PDX藥敏評價(jià)體系，實(shí)現(xiàn)臨床應(yīng)用，為患者提供精準(zhǔn)的用藥指導(dǎo)。同時(shí)，我們積極進(jìn)行基于真實(shí)世界腫瘤患者的臨床研究，聯(lián)合浙江大學(xué)附屬第二醫(yī)院開展全世界首個(gè)胃癌斑馬魚PDX與患者治療效果的一致性評價(jià)項(xiàng)目（Clinical Trials注冊號：NCT05616533，為斑馬魚PDX的臨床應(yīng)用提供更加充分的科學(xué)依據(jù)。

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